How France works
Why believe this?
Figures of one view and year of the diagram, with their sources and how they were computed, each under its own anchor. Back to Public money.
2 parts: 1 2
Why believe this?
18–29, received a month per person
€1,320Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
18–29, receives × 10⁹ ÷ 18–29, people ÷ 12- From
- 18–29, receives €86.5bn
- 18–29, people 5.5 million
- Result
- €1,320
Why believe this?
18–29, receives
€86.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- What the household age group receives.
Why believe this?
Cash benefits
€550.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The sum of the year's items of this kind.
Why believe this?
Social protection
€657.9bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Old age, survivors, sickness and disability, family, unemployment, housing and social exclusion.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_exp(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=TEcofog99=GF10time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €657,931.3 million · flagged provisional by Eurostat
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-09-16, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Pensions
€397.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Retirement pensions, survivors' pensions included.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 31 “Pensions de retraite”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €397.9 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Social care and housing aid
€115.8bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Care for dependent elderly and disabled people, childcare and other social action, housing benefits and the energy cheque, and the running costs of social security, received in kind.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, rows 42 “Action sociale (dépendance, handicap, petite enfance, etc.)”; 44 “Aides au logement et chèque énergie”; 45 “Frais de fonctionnement de la Sécurité sociale”, column B (Ensemble), summed, signs dropped
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- It says
row 42, Ensemble: 80.8; row 44, Ensemble: 16.1; row 45, Ensemble: 18.9
- As published
- €115.8 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Unemployment benefits
€42.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Unemployment insurance and solidarity benefits.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Why believe this?
Other cash benefits
€137.4bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Sick pay and work-injury benefits, family benefits, minimum incomes, disability benefits, and the reimbursements of firms' group health insurance, which Insee counts among cash benefits.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Why believe this?
18–29, Cash benefits
€17.8bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
18–29, consumption units, millions
4.2Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's consumption units: its individuals times its units per person.
- Caveat
- Units per person calibrated on Figure 1e: by least squares, the groups' per-unit amounts, weighted by their units, average to Insee's per-unit amounts for everyone on extended primary income, levies, cash benefits, non-cash transfers and income net of borrowing, each cell weighted by its rounding (±€50); the 30–39 and 40–49 share one ratio. Shares of individuals are rounded to the point, which this cannot correct.
Calculation
- Computed as
18–29, share of individuals ÷ 100 × Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee × 0.777 units per person- From
- 18–29, share of individuals 8%
- Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee 68.4
- Everyone, Consumption units, millions, Insee 47
- 18-29 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 8%
- 30-39 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 20%
- 40-49 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 25%
- 50-64 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 26%
- 65 ans ou plus, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 21%
- Everyone, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 100%
- 18-29 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €41,400
- 30-39 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €53,500
- 40-49 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €54,300
- 50-64 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €57,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Extended primary income, Insee €16,000
- Everyone, Extended primary income, Insee €44,300
- 18-29 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €23,200
- 30-39 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €30,600
- 40-49 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €31,500
- 50-64 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €33,800
- 65 ans ou plus, Prélèvements, Insee €14,600
- Everyone, Prélèvements, Insee €27,000
- 18-29 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €4,200
- 30-39 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,400
- 40-49 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,600
- 50-64 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €10,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €28,700
- Everyone, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €12,600
- 18-29 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €14,000
- 30-39 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,400
- 40-49 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €16,000
- 50-64 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €13,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €19,100
- Everyone, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,800
- 18-29 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €35,400
- 30-39 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €42,400
- 40-49 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €43,100
- 50-64 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €46,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €47,700
- Everyone, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €44,300
- Result
- 4
Why believe this?
Everyone, Consumption units, millions, Insee
47Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Number of consumption units, in millions: the first adult of a household counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 58 “Nombre d'unités de consommation (en millions)”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- 47
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
18-29 ans, Extended primary income, Insee
€41,400Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Income before any public transfer: labour income with all social contributions, property and self-employment income, retained profits attributed to owners and a share of public bodies' primary income.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 5 “Revenu primaire élargi (avant transferts publics)”, column B (18-29 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €41,400
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
65 ans ou plus, Extended primary income, Insee
€16,000Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Income before any public transfer: labour income with all social contributions, property and self-employment income, retained profits attributed to owners and a share of public bodies' primary income.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 5 “Revenu primaire élargi (avant transferts publics)”, column F (65 ans ou plus)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €16,000
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Everyone, Extended primary income, Insee
€44,300Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Income before any public transfer: labour income with all social contributions, property and self-employment income, retained profits attributed to owners and a share of public bodies' primary income.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 5 “Revenu primaire élargi (avant transferts publics)”, column G (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €44,300
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
30-39 ans, Prélèvements, Insee
€30,600Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 6 “Prélèvements”, column C (30-39 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €30,600
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
40-49 ans, Prélèvements, Insee
€31,500Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 6 “Prélèvements”, column D (40-49 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €31,500
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
50-64 ans, Prélèvements, Insee
€33,800Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 6 “Prélèvements”, column E (50-64 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €33,800
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
18-29 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee
€4,200Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 7 “Prestations sociales en espèces”, column B (18-29 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €4,200
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
65 ans ou plus, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee
€28,700Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 7 “Prestations sociales en espèces”, column F (65 ans ou plus)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €28,700
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Everyone, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee
€12,600Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 7 “Prestations sociales en espèces”, column G (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €12,600
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
30-39 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee
€15,400Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 8 “Transferts non monétaires”, column C (30-39 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €15,400
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
40-49 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee
€16,000Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 8 “Transferts non monétaires”, column D (40-49 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €16,000
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
50-64 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee
€13,600Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 8 “Transferts non monétaires”, column E (50-64 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €13,600
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
18-29 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee
€35,400Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 10 “Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement”, column B (18-29 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €35,400
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
65 ans ou plus, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee
€47,700Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 10 “Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement”, column F (65 ans ou plus)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €47,700
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Everyone, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee
€44,300Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A row of Insee's distributional accounts, read as published.
- Caveat
- Insee ranks individuals by the survey-based living standard of their household and cuts them into twenty groups of 5% each; D1 to D9 join two of them, P90–95 is the nineteenth and the top 5% the twentieth. Distributional accounts are Insee's imputation of national accounts to households; they are not a measurement. Insee prints levies as negative amounts; they are shown here as amounts paid.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 10 “Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement”, column G (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €44,300
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Everyone, Cash benefits, per unit
€12,600Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 7 “Prestations sociales en espèces”, column G (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €12,600
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
30–39, consumption units, millions
7.9Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's consumption units: its individuals times its units per person.
- Caveat
- Units per person calibrated on Figure 1e: by least squares, the groups' per-unit amounts, weighted by their units, average to Insee's per-unit amounts for everyone on extended primary income, levies, cash benefits, non-cash transfers and income net of borrowing, each cell weighted by its rounding (±€50); the 30–39 and 40–49 share one ratio. Shares of individuals are rounded to the point, which this cannot correct.
Calculation
- Computed as
30–39, share of individuals ÷ 100 × Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee × 0.576 units per person- From
- 30–39, share of individuals 20%
- Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee 68.4
- Everyone, Consumption units, millions, Insee 47
- 18-29 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 8%
- 30-39 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 20%
- 40-49 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 25%
- 50-64 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 26%
- 65 ans ou plus, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 21%
- Everyone, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 100%
- 18-29 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €41,400
- 30-39 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €53,500
- 40-49 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €54,300
- 50-64 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €57,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Extended primary income, Insee €16,000
- Everyone, Extended primary income, Insee €44,300
- 18-29 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €23,200
- 30-39 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €30,600
- 40-49 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €31,500
- 50-64 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €33,800
- 65 ans ou plus, Prélèvements, Insee €14,600
- Everyone, Prélèvements, Insee €27,000
- 18-29 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €4,200
- 30-39 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,400
- 40-49 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,600
- 50-64 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €10,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €28,700
- Everyone, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €12,600
- 18-29 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €14,000
- 30-39 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,400
- 40-49 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €16,000
- 50-64 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €13,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €19,100
- Everyone, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,800
- 18-29 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €35,400
- 30-39 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €42,400
- 40-49 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €43,100
- 50-64 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €46,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €47,700
- Everyone, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €44,300
- Result
- 8
Why believe this?
30–39, Cash benefits, per unit
€5,400Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 7 “Prestations sociales en espèces”, column C (30-39 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €5,400
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
40–49, Cash benefits, per unit
€5,600Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 7 “Prestations sociales en espèces”, column D (40-49 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €5,600
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
50–64, consumption units, millions
13.4Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's consumption units: its individuals times its units per person.
- Caveat
- Units per person calibrated on Figure 1e: by least squares, the groups' per-unit amounts, weighted by their units, average to Insee's per-unit amounts for everyone on extended primary income, levies, cash benefits, non-cash transfers and income net of borrowing, each cell weighted by its rounding (±€50); the 30–39 and 40–49 share one ratio. Shares of individuals are rounded to the point, which this cannot correct.
Calculation
- Computed as
50–64, share of individuals ÷ 100 × Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee × 0.751 units per person- From
- 50–64, share of individuals 26%
- Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee 68.4
- Everyone, Consumption units, millions, Insee 47
- 18-29 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 8%
- 30-39 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 20%
- 40-49 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 25%
- 50-64 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 26%
- 65 ans ou plus, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 21%
- Everyone, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 100%
- 18-29 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €41,400
- 30-39 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €53,500
- 40-49 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €54,300
- 50-64 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €57,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Extended primary income, Insee €16,000
- Everyone, Extended primary income, Insee €44,300
- 18-29 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €23,200
- 30-39 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €30,600
- 40-49 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €31,500
- 50-64 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €33,800
- 65 ans ou plus, Prélèvements, Insee €14,600
- Everyone, Prélèvements, Insee €27,000
- 18-29 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €4,200
- 30-39 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,400
- 40-49 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,600
- 50-64 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €10,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €28,700
- Everyone, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €12,600
- 18-29 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €14,000
- 30-39 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,400
- 40-49 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €16,000
- 50-64 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €13,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €19,100
- Everyone, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,800
- 18-29 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €35,400
- 30-39 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €42,400
- 40-49 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €43,100
- 50-64 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €46,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €47,700
- Everyone, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €44,300
- Result
- 13
Why believe this?
50–64, Cash benefits, per unit
€10,600Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 7 “Prestations sociales en espèces”, column E (50-64 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €10,600
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
65 and over, consumption units, millions
11.7Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's consumption units: its individuals times its units per person.
- Caveat
- Units per person calibrated on Figure 1e: by least squares, the groups' per-unit amounts, weighted by their units, average to Insee's per-unit amounts for everyone on extended primary income, levies, cash benefits, non-cash transfers and income net of borrowing, each cell weighted by its rounding (±€50); the 30–39 and 40–49 share one ratio. Shares of individuals are rounded to the point, which this cannot correct.
Calculation
- Computed as
65 and over, share of individuals ÷ 100 × Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee × 0.813 units per person- From
- 65 and over, share of individuals 21%
- Everyone, Individuals, millions, Insee 68.4
- Everyone, Consumption units, millions, Insee 47
- 18-29 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 8%
- 30-39 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 20%
- 40-49 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 25%
- 50-64 ans, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 26%
- 65 ans ou plus, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 21%
- Everyone, Part d'individus (en %), Insee 100%
- 18-29 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €41,400
- 30-39 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €53,500
- 40-49 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €54,300
- 50-64 ans, Extended primary income, Insee €57,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Extended primary income, Insee €16,000
- Everyone, Extended primary income, Insee €44,300
- 18-29 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €23,200
- 30-39 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €30,600
- 40-49 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €31,500
- 50-64 ans, Prélèvements, Insee €33,800
- 65 ans ou plus, Prélèvements, Insee €14,600
- Everyone, Prélèvements, Insee €27,000
- 18-29 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €4,200
- 30-39 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,400
- 40-49 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €5,600
- 50-64 ans, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €10,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €28,700
- Everyone, Prestations sociales en espèces, Insee €12,600
- 18-29 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €14,000
- 30-39 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,400
- 40-49 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €16,000
- 50-64 ans, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €13,600
- 65 ans ou plus, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €19,100
- Everyone, Transferts non monétaires, Insee €15,800
- 18-29 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €35,400
- 30-39 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €42,400
- 40-49 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €43,100
- 50-64 ans, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €46,100
- 65 ans ou plus, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €47,700
- Everyone, Niveau de vie élargi net de l'endettement, Insee €44,300
- Result
- 12
Why believe this?
18–29, Non-cash transfers
€69.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
Health care
€249.7bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Care paid for by public health insurance and hospitals, received in kind.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Why believe this?
Health
€249.7bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Hospitals, outpatient care and medicines.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_exp(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=TEcofog99=GF07time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €249,676.4 million · flagged provisional by Eurostat
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-09-16, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Education
€141.6bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Schooling from nursery to university, school transport included, received in kind.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Why believe this?
Education
€141.6bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Schools and universities.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_exp(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=TEcofog99=GF09time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €141,554.8 million · flagged provisional by Eurostat
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-09-16, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Culture and leisure
€41.4bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Public culture, sport and leisure services, spread equally per person.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Why believe this?
Collective services, economic affairs and subsidies, at home
€430bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The collective spending categories without the transfers to the rest of the world, which are drawn to Outside France.
Calculation
- Computed as
Collective services, economic affairs and subsidies − EU contribution (VAT and GNI own resources) − International cooperation paid − Capital transfers to the rest of the world- From
- Result
- €430,024.7 million
Why believe this?
General public services
€174.8bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Executive and legislative bodies, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs and debt interest.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_exp(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=TEcofog99=GF01time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €174,763.5 million · flagged provisional by Eurostat
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-09-16, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Public order and safety
€48.7bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Police, justice, prisons and fire.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_exp(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=TEcofog99=GF03time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €48,711.9 million · flagged provisional by Eurostat
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-09-16, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Environmental protection
€28.9bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Waste, water and pollution management.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_exp(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=TEcofog99=GF05time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €28,935.8 million · flagged provisional by Eurostat
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-09-16, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
EU contribution (VAT and GNI own resources)
€23.9bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A transfer between French general government and the rest of the world, as Eurostat records it in the government accounts.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_main(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=D76PAYtime=2023· query this cell- As published
- €23,876.0 million
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-07-21, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
International cooperation paid
€10.8bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A transfer between French general government and the rest of the world, as Eurostat records it in the government accounts.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_main(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=D74PAYtime=2023· query this cell- As published
- €10,833.0 million
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-07-21, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Capital transfers to the rest of the world
€373mObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A transfer between French general government and the rest of the world, as Eurostat records it in the government accounts.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_main(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=D9PAY_S2time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €373.0 million
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-07-21, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Collective services
€239.4bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Defence, police, justice, general administration and other collective spending, spread over people, net of other transfers and of balances with the rest of the world, which are small and negative overall.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 46 “Autres transferts non monétaires”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €239.4 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Subsidies on production
€38.1bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Apprenticeship hiring aid, sector aid and other subsidies to producers, attributed to households.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 21 “Subventions sur la production (aides à l'apprentissage, aides sectorielles, etc.)”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €38.1 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
18–29, Non-cash transfers, per unit
€14,000Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 8 “Transferts non monétaires”, column B (18-29 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €14,000
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Non-cash transfers, scale to everyone
100%Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Insee's total for everyone over the sum of the groups' amounts: it absorbs the rounding of Insee's cells.
Calculation
- Computed as
Non-cash transfers ÷ Σ (units × euros per unit ÷ 1000) × 100- From
- Non-cash transfers €742.6bn
- 18–29, consumption units, millions 4.2
- 18–29, Non-cash transfers, per unit €14,000
- 30–39, consumption units, millions 7.9
- 30–39, Non-cash transfers, per unit €15,400
- 40–49, consumption units, millions 9.8
- 40–49, Non-cash transfers, per unit €16,000
- 50–64, consumption units, millions 13.4
- 50–64, Non-cash transfers, per unit €13,600
- 65 and over, consumption units, millions 11.7
- 65 and over, Non-cash transfers, per unit €19,100
- Result
- 100.0%
Why believe this?
Non-cash transfers
€742.6bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit for everyone times all units.
Why believe this?
65 and over, Non-cash transfers, per unit
€19,100Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 8 “Transferts non monétaires”, column F (65 ans ou plus)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €19,100
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
18–29, people
5.5 millionEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Individuals of all ages living in a household of this age, as Insee counts them.
Why believe this?
18–29, Cash benefits
€15.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
Cash benefits, scale to everyone
108.6%Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Insee's total for everyone over the sum of the groups' amounts: it absorbs the rounding of Insee's cells.
Calculation
- Computed as
Cash benefits ÷ Σ (units × euros per unit ÷ 1000) × 100- From
- Cash benefits €592.2bn
- 18–29, consumption units, millions 3.8
- 18–29, Cash benefits, per unit €4,200
- 30–39, consumption units, millions 9.4
- 30–39, Cash benefits, per unit €5,400
- 40–49, consumption units, millions 11.8
- 40–49, Cash benefits, per unit €5,600
- 50–64, consumption units, millions 12.2
- 50–64, Cash benefits, per unit €10,600
- 65 and over, consumption units, millions 9.9
- 65 and over, Cash benefits, per unit €28,700
- Result
- 108.6%
Why believe this?
40–49, consumption units, millions
11.8Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's consumption units: its individuals times its units per person.
- Caveat
- As if every group had the same units per person as everyone: the alternative to the calibration.
Why believe this?
18–29, Non-cash transfers
€52.8bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
18–29, paid a month per person
€1,380Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
18–29, Levies, net of subsidies × 10⁹ ÷ 18–29, people ÷ 12- From
- 18–29, Levies, net of subsidies €90.7bn
- 18–29, people 5.5 million
- Result
- €1,380
Why believe this?
18–29, Levies, net of subsidies
€90.7bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
Taxes on products
€318.8bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- VAT, energy and other excise duties and property transfer duties, collected by firms on what they sell; Insee attributes them to the households who consume.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Why believe this?
Taxes on production and imports
€446.9bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- VAT, excise duties on energy, tobacco and alcohol, and taxes on payroll and on business property, as received by general government.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_main(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=D2RECtime=2023· query this cell- As published
- €446,907.0 million
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-07-21, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Taxes on production
€128bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Payroll taxes, business property tax and other taxes firms pay for producing, attributed to households.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 20 “Taxes sur la production (taxes patronales, TF, etc.)”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €128.0 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Corporate tax
€78bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Corporate income tax, attributed to the households who own the companies.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 22 “Impôt sur les sociétés”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €78.0 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Insee items in ESA D5, taxes on income and wealth
€351.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The sum of Insee's 2023 items mapped to this category.
Why believe this?
CSG
€147.3bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The generalised social contribution, levied on earnings, benefits and capital income.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 23 “Contribution sociale généralisée (CSG)”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €147.3 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Income tax
€101.6bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Personal income tax, net of refundable credits.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 24 “Impôt sur le revenu (IR)”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €101.6 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Other taxes on income and wealth
€24.7bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Residence tax, the wealth tax on property (IFI), CRDS and other taxes on income and wealth.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Why believe this?
Pension contributions
€328.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Employer and employee contributions to pension schemes, imputed contributions and firms' collective schemes included.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, row 26 “Cotisations sociales retraite1”, column B (Ensemble)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €328.9 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Insee items in ESA D61, social contributions
€542.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The sum of Insee's 2023 items mapped to this category.
Why believe this?
Other contributions
€214bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Employer and employee contributions to health, disability, work-injury, unemployment and family insurance.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Tableau complémentaire”, rows 27 “Cotisations sociales chômage1”; 28 “Cotisations sociales famille1”; 29 “Autres cotisations sociales (maladie, invalidité, ATMP)1”, column B (Ensemble), summed, signs dropped
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- It says
row 29, Ensemble: -142.8; row 27, Ensemble: -33.2; row 28, Ensemble: -38
- As published
- €214.0 billion
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Subsidies on products
€44.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Subsidies paid per unit sold, public transport above all, attributed to the households who consume.
- Caveat
- Estimated for this page: both years are put on the general-government perimeter (Eurostat S13). Each Insee item is scaled to Eurostat's total of its category for the year, split between the items of the category and between groups as Insee's 2023 accounts split it. Insee's own 2023 levels are wider in places (firms' collective pension and health schemes) and COFOG counts spending gross of the fees that finance part of it; the evidence panels show both.
Calculation
- Computed as
Collective services, economic affairs and subsidies, at home × Subsidies on products ÷ Insee items in COFOG 01 without debt interest, 02 to 06- From
- Result
- €44.2 billion
Why believe this?
18–29, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit
€23,200Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 6 “Prélèvements”, column B (18-29 ans)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €23,200
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
Levies, net of subsidies, scale to everyone
99.8%Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Insee's total for everyone over the sum of the groups' amounts: it absorbs the rounding of Insee's cells.
Calculation
- Computed as
Levies, net of subsidies ÷ Σ (units × euros per unit ÷ 1000) × 100- From
- Levies, net of subsidies €1,269bn
- 18–29, consumption units, millions 4.2
- 18–29, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit €23,200
- 30–39, consumption units, millions 7.9
- 30–39, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit €30,600
- 40–49, consumption units, millions 9.8
- 40–49, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit €31,500
- 50–64, consumption units, millions 13.4
- 50–64, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit €33,800
- 65 and over, consumption units, millions 11.7
- 65 and over, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit €14,600
- Result
- 99.8%
Why believe this?
Levies, net of subsidies
€1,269bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit for everyone times all units.
Why believe this?
65 and over, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit
€14,600Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit: the first adult counts 1, every other person of 14 or over 0.5 and every child under 14 0.3.
Source
- Source
- Insee, Revenus des ménages élargis à l'ensemble de l'économie en 2023 (Insee Analyses n° 118)
- Where
- Sheet “Figure 1e”, row 6 “Prélèvements”, column F (65 ans ou plus)
- Published
- 16 April 2026
- As published
- €14,600
- Read
- 2026-10-14
Why believe this?
18–29, Levies, net of subsidies
€85bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Calculation
- Computed as
18–29, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit × 18–29, consumption units, millions ÷ 1000 × Levies, net of subsidies, scale to everyone ÷ 100- From
- Result
- €85.0 billion
Why believe this?
30–39, Cash benefits
€51.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
30–39, Non-cash transfers
€145.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
30–39, people
13.7 millionEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Individuals of all ages living in a household of this age, as Insee counts them.
Why believe this?
30–39, received a month per person
€1,110Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
30–39, receives × 10⁹ ÷ 30–39, people ÷ 12- From
- 30–39, receives €182bn
- 30–39, people 13.7 million
- Result
- €1,110
Why believe this?
30–39, receives
€182bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- What the household age group receives.
Why believe this?
30–39, Cash benefits
€42.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
30–39, Non-cash transfers
€142.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
30–39, Levies, net of subsidies
€280.3bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Calculation
- Computed as
30–39, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit × 30–39, consumption units, millions ÷ 1000 × Levies, net of subsidies, scale to everyone ÷ 100- From
- Result
- €280.3 billion
Why believe this?
30–39, paid a month per person
€1,350Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
30–39, Levies, net of subsidies × 10⁹ ÷ 30–39, people ÷ 12- From
- 30–39, Levies, net of subsidies €221.7bn
- 30–39, people 13.7 million
- Result
- €1,350
Why believe this?
30–39, Levies, net of subsidies
€221.7bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
40–49, received a month per person
€1,400Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
40–49, receives × 10⁹ ÷ 40–49, people ÷ 12- From
- 40–49, receives €288.2bn
- 40–49, people 17.1 million
- Result
- €1,400
Why believe this?
40–49, receives
€288.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- What the household age group receives.
Why believe this?
40–49, Cash benefits
€71.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
40–49, Non-cash transfers
€221.8bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
40–49, Cash benefits
€51.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
40–49, Non-cash transfers
€157.4bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
40–49, paid a month per person
€1,620Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
40–49, Levies, net of subsidies × 10⁹ ÷ 40–49, people ÷ 12- From
- 40–49, Levies, net of subsidies €332.5bn
- 40–49, people 17.1 million
- Result
- €1,620
Why believe this?
40–49, Levies, net of subsidies
€332.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
40–49, Levies, net of subsidies
€309.4bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Calculation
- Computed as
40–49, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit × 40–49, consumption units, millions ÷ 1000 × Levies, net of subsidies, scale to everyone ÷ 100- From
- Result
- €309.4 billion
Why believe this?
50–64, received a month per person
€1,620Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
50–64, receives × 10⁹ ÷ 50–64, people ÷ 12- From
- 50–64, receives €345bn
- 50–64, people 17.8 million
- Result
- €1,620
Why believe this?
50–64, receives
€345bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- What the household age group receives.
Why believe this?
50–64, Cash benefits
€141.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
50–64, Non-cash transfers
€213.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
50–64, people
17.8 millionEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Individuals of all ages living in a household of this age, as Insee counts them.
Why believe this?
50–64, Cash benefits
€130.7bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
50–64, Non-cash transfers
€166.8bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
50–64, paid a month per person
€1,950Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
50–64, Levies, net of subsidies × 10⁹ ÷ 50–64, people ÷ 12- From
- 50–64, Levies, net of subsidies €415.3bn
- 50–64, people 17.8 million
- Result
- €1,950
Why believe this?
50–64, Levies, net of subsidies
€415.3bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
50–64, Levies, net of subsidies
€402.5bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Calculation
- Computed as
50–64, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit × 50–64, consumption units, millions ÷ 1000 × Levies, net of subsidies, scale to everyone ÷ 100- From
- Result
- €402.5 billion
Why believe this?
65 and over, received a month per person
€3,330Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
65 and over, receives × 10⁹ ÷ 65 and over, people ÷ 12- From
- 65 and over, receives €573.7bn
- 65 and over, people 14.4 million
- Result
- €3,330
Why believe this?
65 and over, receives
€573.7bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- What the household age group receives.
Why believe this?
65 and over, Cash benefits
€335.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Why believe this?
65 and over, Non-cash transfers
€262.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
65 and over, people
14.4 millionEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Individuals of all ages living in a household of this age, as Insee counts them.
Why believe this?
65 and over, Cash benefits
€285.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
65 and over, Non-cash transfers
€189.2bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Calculation
- Computed as
65 and over, Non-cash transfers, per unit × 65 and over, consumption units, millions ÷ 1000 × Non-cash transfers, scale to everyone ÷ 100- From
- Result
- €189.2 billion
Why believe this?
65 and over, paid a month per person
€910Estimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The group's amount over its people, a month per person.
Calculation
- Computed as
65 and over, Levies, net of subsidies × 10⁹ ÷ 65 and over, people ÷ 12- From
- 65 and over, Levies, net of subsidies €156.9bn
- 65 and over, people 14.4 million
- Result
- €910
Why believe this?
65 and over, Levies, net of subsidies
€156.9bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- The year's total, split between ages as Insee's 2023 accounts split it.
Why believe this?
65 and over, Levies, net of subsidies
€140.4bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Euros per consumption unit times the group's units, scaled so the groups add up to everyone.
Calculation
- Computed as
65 and over, Levies, net of subsidies, per unit × 65 and over, consumption units, millions ÷ 1000 × Levies, net of subsidies, scale to everyone ÷ 100- From
- Result
- €140.4 billion
Why believe this?
Outside France, transfers
€12.3bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Transfers between general government and the rest of the world.
Why believe this?
Capital transfers from the EU (recovery plan)
€9.2bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- A transfer between French general government and the rest of the world, as Eurostat records it in the government accounts.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_main(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=D9REC_S2time=2023· query this cell- As published
- €9,245.0 million
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-07-21, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
Public revenue
€1,456bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Total revenue of general government. General government (S13): the State, local authorities and the social security funds, consolidated so that transfers between them cancel out.
Source
- Source
- Eurostat, dataset
gov_10a_main(browse the table) - Exact cell
geo=FRunit=MIO_EURsector=S13na_item=TRtime=2023· query this cell- As published
- €1,456,350.5 million
- Dataset version
- updated 2026-07-21, read 2026-10-14
Calculation
- Transformation
- Divided by 1,000 to give billions, then rounded for display.
Why believe this?
General government
€1,511bnEstimated2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Levies net of subsidies, plus borrowing, other revenue and transfers from abroad: everything general government receives.
Calculation
- Computed as
Levies, net of subsidies + Borrowing + Other revenue + Inheritance and gift duties + International cooperation from the EU + Capital transfers from the EU (recovery plan)- From
- Result
- €1,511.1 billion
Why believe this?
Outside France, transfers
€35.1bnObserved2023
Definition
- What it counts
- Transfers between general government and the rest of the world.