How France works
Method and sources
Where the figures come from and how they were computed, with the files to download.
Method
Study verdicts and ranks are classifications made by this site; each cites the phrase it rests on. Other numbers are shown with their source, definition and year, and with the calculation from the source to the page. Where no source was found, the page says so.
- ObservedA published accounting or administrative figure, used as published.
- EstimatedA model or an imputation by the publisher, such as distributional accounts.
- HypotheticalA scenario.
The figures are also in claims.json, each with the Eurostat cell or the document it was read from. Eurostat cells can be re-queried one by one from their panels.
Data
Get the data
The figures on the site are in claims.json and the time series in series.json. The results of the evaluations run by this site are in the CSV files listed below.
- claims.json, series.json, tax-expenditures.csv
- register/register.csv, register/evaluations.csv, register/SOURCES.md
- literature/studies.csv, literature/objectives.csv, literature/goals.csv, literature/criteria.csv, literature/this_site.csv
- owid/results.csv, owid/points.csv, owid/departements.csv, owid/departements_results.csv
- social_value/carbon_value.csv, social_value/indicators_loi_sas.csv, social_value/metrics.csv, social_value/SOURCES.md
- capital/figures.md, capital/SOURCES.md
- wealth/balance_sheet.csv, wealth/cells.csv, wealth/SOURCES.md
- income/dna_2023.csv, income/living_standards.csv, income/nta_profiles.csv, income/nta_allocation.csv, income/bts_pay_2023.csv, income/SOURCES.md
- zrr/results.csv, zrr/SOURCES.md
- cir/results.csv, cir/summary.csv, cir/weights.csv, cir/benchmark.csv, cir/loo.csv, cir/SOURCES.md
- apprentices/results.csv, apprentices/periods.csv, apprentices/SOURCES.md
- schools/results.csv, schools/SOURCES.md
- firms/results.csv, firms/SOURCES.md
- places/results.csv, places/SOURCES.md
- elections/results.csv, elections/bins.csv, elections/SOURCES.md
- pensions/results.csv, pensions/summary.csv, pensions/within.csv
The evidence panels of the Public money page's diagram of who pays and who receives, in the page's language, split into parts of a few hundred kilobytes, each view and year listing its parts on one page: evidence/money-tenths-2023.html, evidence/money-tenths-2024.html, evidence/money-shares-2023.html, evidence/money-shares-2024.html, evidence/money-ages-2023.html, evidence/money-ages-2024.html, evidence/money-persons-2023.html, evidence/money-persons-2024.html.
The code that reads the sources and builds the pages is at github.com/samoht/budget.